Human Services Research Article Discussion Essay

Human Services Research Article Discussion - Essay Example (2) Is it conducted correctly? (3) Does it support the conclusions reached? (4) What, if any, additional statistical analyses could be performed on this data to gain further knowledge? (5) Are the findings misleading or biased? And (6) does the article incorporate graphs or tables that facilitate understanding? â€Å"Social Work Practice in Child Welfare from a Cross-Cultural Perspective: Concepts of Change Process† by Kui Hee Song Presentation of the Material The article was presented in appropriate form and structure consistent with the guidelines set by the APA Publication Manual. It is clearly structured with headings and subheadings and contains eight tabular illustrations that summarize results of the author’s findings. Starting from a concise introduction that provided the theoretical background for the study, the author proceeded with a presentation of research questions, the methodology, major findings, results of the major hypothesis testing and implications f or social work practice. The references conform to APA guidelines and brief information about the author appears right after the references to provide concise but comprehensive data on work experiences, interests, major accomplishments, service contributions and contact information.

Types Of Learning Styles Essay Example for Free

Types Of Learning Styles Essay There are three different types of learning styles. By taking a learning styles quiz, I found out that I am an auditory learner. This means I do best learning by hearing and listening. Now knowing that I am an auditory learner I can discover new techniques that will help me be more attentive and I can expand myself as a learner. First, discovering new techniques as an auditory learner to be more attentive is easy. I was not surprised when I saw the list of usual things auditory learns do. I felt as if the learning style I was assigned to fit me perfectly. I am one who will hum or talk to themselves or others when bored, acquire knowledge by reading aloud, or sit where they can hear but needn’t pay attention to what is happening in front. These are all things I do daily without even thinking about it. For example, every morning in my first period history class I will be typing the notes my teacher writes on the board but also working on other homework or looking things up. I need not to see what my teacher is doing. If just keep my ears open and listen, I believe I comprehend just as well as someone who sits in the front row and has all their attention focused on the teacher. I know that I am automatically immune to already doing some of these techniques, but I also know there are more tips that I can incorporate in my daily life to further myself for my future. Next, expanding myself as an auditory learner can greatly help me in the near future. I can become a better reading by reading aloud as much as I can. Hearing myself say things aloud will help me remember a lot better than silent reading to myself. I can also become a better writer by repeating things after I have written them down on paper. If I read what I have written aloud, I will get a better view on if the right words are being used correctly in that specific sentence. Also I will get to hear if that sentence, paragraph, or even full essay sounds like I’m doing well and staying on track. I tend to veer off subject sometimes, so I know that verbal repetition will be helpful for any upcoming school courses or even scholarships that I will need to write essays for. Verbalization is the key and in my situation knowing my key factor is going to help me expand my study skills and comprehension in school. All in all, I have become aware of what different changes I can make for myself. Taking the learning styles quiz and realizing that I am an auditory learner helped me realize how I can better myself throughout my learning years. I can discover new techniques that will help me be more attentive and I can expand myself as a learner and for that I am grateful.

QOD Protocol for Wireless Network Service Quality

QOD Protocol for Wireless Network Service Quality CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Overview A generalized treatment of a topic a summary oroutline The development of the wireless network must be prevented in various applications of wireless networks and they can be used in several areas of the hybrid networks respectively. Here the wireless network such as Wi-Fi in laptops and in mobiles can be used to increase the use of wireless networks. These wireless applications are used in the several fields such as in watching videos, playing games and also in watching TV also in wireless mobile devices. While performing all such functions some security will be needed in the specific wireless networks. The applications of wireless networks should be directly connect some wireless mobile devices for required operations. The physical security must be provided in the wireless networks as in the wired networks the security will be provided. The wireless networks sometimes failed to provide the network security at that time the large sensors may be needed to deploy in the specific network area. Here we proposed a routing protocol in the wireless networks for the overall performance of the network respectively. The protocol provides the respective applications for the transmission of data across the wireless networks. The quality of service will be provided in the specific areas of networks and overall network performance will be maintained as in required manner. The quality of service support will reduces the delay in the end-to-end transmission delay in the throughput also be reduced. However in the hybrid wireless networks, one thing have been proven that it is a better network structure for the future generation, and it have been proved that it will be helpful for the network communication. For example the mobile ad hoc network is also a wireless network in that the mobile devices are connected with the wireless communication. These MANETs will automatically form a network organization to elaborate the usage of network as required and the mobile ad hoc network is also a wireless network in that the mobile devices are connected with the wireless communication. Thus the network security will be provided using some specific applications and thus the significant security will be provided. In the hybrid wireless networks it combines the networks infrastructure and the structure of MANET respectively. Number of reservation based routing protocols are to be used to provide the infrastructure wireless communication and it improves the scalability of the wireless network. The hybrid wireless networks also increases the reliability of the network with the help of specific routing protocol and it should also increases the lifetime of the network. The overall network performance will be well maintained using the distributed routing protocol and the protocol will make the fastest data transmission across the network. The base stations of the mobile ad hoc network will used for the internet servers through the access points. The physical security must be provided in the wireless networks as in the wired networks the security will be provided. The wireless networks sometimes failed to provide the network security at that time the large sensors may be needed to deploy in the specific network area. The reservation-based protocols have been implemented for MANETs and that will specify the routes that is formed by the specific nodes and respective links that are associated with the resources to fulfill the quality of service requirements. Also such protocols will increases the QoS of the MANETs for some extents, they also suffers some of the problems like race conditions and the invalid reservation respectively. The invalid reservation is nothing but the invalid resources will be useless when the data forwarding path between source to destination node will breaks. And race condition is nothing but double allocation of the similar resources for two different qualities of service routes respectively. In order to specify the quality of service support capability in wireless networks, we had proposed a distributed routing protocol for the quality of service support. Usually a wireless network has the several base stations and also the access points across the wireless networks. There are two main features regarding the data transmission in the hybrid wireless networks. The one is the transmission should be any cast transmission and the other is number of transmission hops between source to destination is very small. Taking the full advantage of these two features the distributed routing protocol transmits the packets. This protocol performs various operations: If the source node fails to send the packet then requests neighbor node to send the data. This protocol reduces the transmission delay by associating with the specific scheduling algorithms and also associated with the packet resizing algorithm to resize the packets respectively. This protocol also reduces the delay during the transmission; it also removes the duplicate copy of data from the data stream (redundant data). By performing these operations above protocol will provides the high quality of service for the hybrid wireless networks. There are five contributions in our project they are resource reservation based protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. Sometimes wireless networks faces invalid reservation and as well as the race condition respectively. Here we proposed a distributed routing protocol for enhance a quality of service (QOD). The reply message of the transmission includes the information of the certain resources packets in packet scheduling feasibility, transmission delay, and reduces the traffic in the transmission. Hence the packets scheduling feasibility and the mobility of the node determines the size of the packets. On the basis of this information, the source nodes will selects the neighbor node that guarantee the quality of service delay in the data transmission to the access points. The particular neighbor node will report their upgrades to the source nodes, which specify their scheduling feasibility to reduce the whole transmission delay in the wireless networks. The message should contain the whole information according to the available resources for finding the feasibility of scheduling packets and transmission delay and also the redundancy in traffic in the every transmission. On the basis of this information, the source nodes will selects the neighbor node that guarantee the quality of service delay in the data transmission to the access points. The particular neighbor node will report their upgrades to the source nodes, which specify their scheduling feasibility to reduce the whole transmission delay in the wireless networks. The particular neighbor node will report their upgrades to the source nodes, which specify their scheduling feasibility to reduce the whole transmission delay in the wireless networks. Number of reservation based routing protocols are to be used to provide the infrastructure wireless communication and it improves the scalability of the wireless network. The hybrid wireless networks also increases the reliability of the network with the help of specific routing protocol and it should also increases the lifetime of the network. The overall network performance will be well maintained using the distributed routing protocol and the protocol will make the fastest data transmission across the network. The base stations of the mobile ad hoc network will use for the internet servers through the access points. On the basis of this information, the specific source node will selects the replied neighbor that should guarantees the quality of service delay in the transmission of packets to the access points. The selected neighbor node specifically updates its status about the transmission of the data packets in the hybrid wireless networks which ensures their feasibility scheduling and transmission delay of the transmitted data packets respectively. The hybrid wireless networks also increases the reliability of the network with the help of specific routing protocol and it should also increases the lifetime of the network. The overall network performance will be well maintained using the distributed routing protocol and the protocol will make the fastest data transmission across the network. The packet scheduling feasibility and the mobility of the node determines the size of the packets. On the basis of this information, the source nodes will selects the neighbor node that guarantee the quality of service delay in the data transmission to the access points. Sometimes wireless networks faces invalid reservation and as well as the race condition respectively. Here we proposed a distributed routing protocol for enhance a quality of service (QOD). In wireless networks there are two features one is the transmission should be any cast transmission and the other is number of transmission hops between source to destination is very small. Taking the full advantage of these two features the distributed routing protocol transmits the packets. This protocol performs various operations: If the source node fails to send the packet then requests neighbor node to send the data. This protocol reduces the transmission delay by associating with the specific scheduling algorithms and also associated with the packet resizing algorithm to resize the packets respectively. This protocol also reduces the delay during the transmission of data and the redundant data will be removed from the data stream and the protocol will make the fastest data transmission across the network. The packets scheduling feasibility and the mobility of the node determine the size of the packets. The hybrid wireless networks also increases the reliability of the network with the help of specific routing protocol and it should also increases the lifetime of the network. The overall network performance will be well maintained using the distributed routing protocol and the protocol will make the fastest data transmission across the network. The base stations of the mobile ad hoc network will used for the internet servers through the access points. The physical security must be provided in the wireless networks as in the wired networks the security will be provided. The wireless networks sometimes failed to provide the network security at that time the large sensors may be needed to deploy in the specific network area. The distributed routing protocol transmits the packets. This protocol performs various operations: If the source node fails to send the packet then requests neighbor node to send the data. This protocol reduces the transmission delay by associating with the specific scheduling algorithms and also associated with the packet resizing algorithm to resize the packets respectively. This protocol also reduces the delay during the transmission; it also removes the duplicate copy of data from the data stream (redundant data). By performing these operations above protocol will provides the high quality of service for the hybrid wireless networks. Aim/Objective Here we used a QOD protocol for providing a quality of service and also overall network performance can be maintained. The transmission delay can be reduced with the help of distributed routing protocol and network life time can be increased. The traffic in the data stream or packet stream is also reduced with the help of this protocol and also eliminates the redundant data from the data stream. Problem Statement In the traditional wireless networks, it is difficult to provide the good quality of service and hence we proposed a QOD protocol to overcome such drawbacks. This protocol should select the respective neighbour node when the source node is not within the range. The protocol should helps in reducing the transmission delay in the hybrid wireless network. It also helps in resizing the packets to make an easy flow in the wireless networks and the physical security will be provided. The traffic will be removed from the stream of data and also the redundant data should be removed, hence overall network performance will be maintained and quality of service will be provided. Scope of the project The reservation-based protocols have been implemented for MANETs and that will specify the routes that is formed by the specific nodes and respective links that are associated with the resources to fulfill the quality of service requirements. Also such protocols will increases the QoS of the MANETs for some extents, they also suffers some of the problems like race conditions and the invalid reservation respectively. The invalid reservation is nothing but the invalid resources will be useless when the data forwarding path between source to destination node will breaks. And race condition is nothing but double allocation of the similar resources for two different quality of service routes respectively. In wireless networks there are two features one is the transmission should be any cast transmission and the other is number of transmission hops between source to destination is very small. Taking the full advantage of these two features the distributed routing protocol transmits the packets. This protocol performs various operations: If the source node fails to send the packet then requests neighbor node to send the data. This protocol reduces the transmission delay by associating with the specific scheduling algorithms and also associated with the packet resizing algorithm to resize the packets respectively. This protocol also reduces the delay during the transmission of data and the redundant data will be removed from the data stream.

Summary and Analysis of The Reeves Tale Essay -- Canterbury Tales The

Summary and Analysis of The Reeve's Tale Prologue to the Reeve's Tale: The reactions of the crowd to the Miller's Tale were mixed, although many laughed. Only Oswald, the elderly Reeve was offended. He claims that with age the qualities of boasting, lying, anger and covetousness fade away. He vows to repay the Miller's Tale. Analysis The prologue to the Reeve's Tale continues the pattern established with the prologue to the Miller's Tale. Just as the Miller told his tale as a reaction to the Knight's tale, the Reeve vows to tell a tale as a reaction to what the Miller has told, offended by his satiric description of aged carpenter in comparison to the younger characters of the Miller's Tale. He believes that the Miller's Tale was an attack on him, and will so tell a tale that is an attack on the Miller. The Reeve's Tale: At Trumpington, near Cambridge, there is a brook where nearby stands a mill. There is a miller who lived there once who wore ostentatious clothing and could play the bagpipe, wrestle and fish. He always had a knife with him, and had a round face and flattened nose. His name was Simon, and nicknamed Symkyn. His wife came from a noble family; her father was the parson. Symkyn was a jealous man and his wife pretentious. They had a daughter who was now twenty and a toddler. The miller was dishonest in his business dealings. He cheated the college worst of all, and stole meal and corn from the dying steward of Cambridge. Two students, John and Aleyn, received permission from the provost to see the corn ground at the mill. Aleyn tells Symkyn that he is there to ground the corn and bring it back, since the sick steward cannot. While they ground the corn, Symkyn found the students' horse and set it loo... ...n this distinction is minor. Although they are students, they come from the more rustic northern area of England and show little of the savvy that Nicholas displayed in the previous tale. They are cheated out of their corn and lose their horse through the miller's deception. When they seduce the miller's wife and daughter, they do so merely out of opportunity and jealousy, and their actions seem to be little better than rape. The two students even lack that measure of lust that is present in the Miller's Tale and which might make the characters more sympathetic. In the end, most of the characters suffer some physical injury, but most of all the miller. For deceiving the students he found himself cuckolded, his daughter deflowered, and himself robbed and severely wounded. Even the means by which he is wounded is comic  ­ his wife conks him on the head with his staff.

Indian Psychology Essay

The term Indian Psychology refers to the Psychologically relevant materials in ancient Indian thought. Usually this term does not cover modern developments in Psychology in India. Modern Psychology at the beginning of the century emphasized sensation, perception and psychologists in India took out Indian theories of sensation and perception from the classics and created an Indian Psychology. For example Indian theories emphasise the notion that in perception the mind goes out through the senses and assumes the shape of the objects. In 1934, Jadunath Sinha wrote a book on Indian theories of perception. As soon as Western Psychologists started studying cognition, Indian Psychologists started looking for Indian theories of cognition. In 1958, Jadunath Sinha wrote a book on Cognition. Later on modern Psychology started emphasising emotions, and in 1981, Jadunath Sinha wrote a book on Emotions and the Will. The major part of ancient Indian scriptures (Hindu, Buddhist and Jain) emphasise self-realization, samadhi or nirvana. After 1960 Humanistic Psychology emerged and Psychologists became interested in paranormal dimensions of growth. Maslow’s theory of self-actualization and transcendental self-actualization established the link to the major part of ancient Indian theories and methods and almost the whole of ancient Indian writings became psychologically relevant. Psychology of Consciousness, Parapsychology, Psychology of Mysticism, Psychology of Religion and Transpersonal Psychology borrow extensively from Indian writings. The terms Oriental Psychology, Buddhist Psychology, Yoga Psychology , Jain Psychology, etc. are frequently found in modern psychological literature now. Many book lists in Psychology now include books on Yoga, Buddhism and Zen. There seems to be a paradigm shift in Western Psychology, a shift from the notion of mental disease and healing to personal growth, the reference point shifting from the statistical average or â€Å"normal† to the ideal or upper limits of man’s potentiality. The rudiments of the theory of consciousness can be traced back to the Indus valley civilization (6000 to 1500 B.C.). Artifacts of a man sitting in Padmasana have been obtained in excavations. The Swasthika symbol was used in Indus valley script. Buddhist thought and methods (6th century B.C.) are in line with the objective spirit of modern science and the law of parsimony of science and Buddhism can be easily incorporated into a scientific framework. The Psychological relevance of the four noble truths and eight-fold path and Sunya vada of Buddhism and Buddhist techniques of meditation are of considerable relevance in modern Psychology. Similarly Jain scriptures also are found to be relevant to Psychology in more than one way. The Vedas date from about 1500 B.C. However, Upanishads (appendices to the Vedas, which date from 600 B.C.) which describe the Vedanta philosophy and provide the theoretical foundation of Jnana Yoga are of more direct relevance to Psychology. The Bhagavat Gita gives a quintessence of Indian way of life and philosophy and it describes the four yogas, Karma, Bhakthi, Raja and Jnana. Several books have come on the psychological relevance of Gita. Maslow’s theory of Meta-motivation is very similar to the concept of Nishkama karma outlined in the Gita. Patanjali’s Ashtanga Yoga is a very systematic presentation of Raja yoga. Both Bhagavat Gita and Ashtanga Yoga are supposed to have been written around the turn of B.C. to A.D. Sankara’s writings (8th century A.D.) on the different yogas as well as his Advaita philosophy are considered as classics in the area and are of great value to the Psychology of consciousness as well as personal growth. Modern interest in relaxation can be traced to studies on Savasana. Rising popularity of meditation practice links Psychology to Oriental religious practices and philosophy. Indian literature on aspects of consciousness is vast, considering the classics and their commentaries. Mental states have been analyzed, classified and differentiated in detail. Similarly paranormal powers (siddhis) have been classified in detail. The process of personal growth and obstacles to growth have been examined thoroughly. There is a great deal of maturity resulting from long experience in these areas reflected in the writings. Indian theories of linguistics, social behavior, crime, etc. are all based on the holistic approach and the broad-based intuitive understanding of behavior in contradistinction to Western theories which are piece-meal, analytic and situation specific. The increasing importance given to the holistic approach and need for synthesis makes it possible to integrate modern Western Psychology with ancient Indian thoughts as well as methods. The psychosomatic relationship was well known and salient in ancient times. The very first invocatory stanza of Ashtangahridaya (the main text in Ayurveda, written in 4th century A.D.) describes how emotions like desires lead to both physical and mental diseases. Many attempts are being made to integrate ancient Indian Psychology with modern Western Psychology. More than 40 books have appeared in the field of Indian Psychology. There is a journal of Indian Psychology published from Andhra University which has an Institute of Yoga and Consciousness. At least five persons have developed personality inventories based on the Triguna theory (Satwa, Rajas and Tamas) of Kapila (Sankhya philosophy, 6th century B.C.)

Free Essays on Oil Changing For Dummies

Oil Changing for Dummies So, you have decided to do a little maintenance on your vehicle, and change the oil yourself? Great! You don’t know where to start? Let me tell you and hopefully you will be able to successfully change the oil and save a few dollars at the same time. First and foremost is safety. It is very important that you have all the safety equipment, properly working tools, and an extra adult around to call for help or just as an extra set of hands. Safety equipment should include the following: safety goggles, gloves to protect your hands from excessive exposure to the hot oil, shop rags, the proper oil collection pan, and container(s) that can be taken to your local oil recycling center or service station. You want to save both yourself and the environment for another day. Your tools should be clean, free from rust and other damage. Also, your work area should also be clean and on level ground; cement is preferable rather than gravel, as you will be lying on it. Secondly, assemble all the tools and parts you’ll need, as well as having your owner’s manual on hand to be able to find the engine and oil pan components that you’ll be working on. Tools that are recommended are the following: car ramps, oil filter wrench, socket wrench that fits the oil plug, a â€Å"Jeepers Creeper† shop cart to roll around on when you do the undercarriage work, and clean shop rags. You will need to have the manufacturer’s recommended weight of oil and enough quarts of that weight for your vehicle. You’ll need the correct size of oil filter, as well. Your local car parts store will be happy to help if you cannot find the information in your manual. Now, with your partner’s assistance, carefully place the car ramps in front of the automobile and slowly drive up them. Keep in mind, though, that the more the engine has run, the hotter the oil. You may want to let it cool for a few moments and let all the oi... Free Essays on Oil Changing For Dummies Free Essays on Oil Changing For Dummies Oil Changing for Dummies So, you have decided to do a little maintenance on your vehicle, and change the oil yourself? Great! You don’t know where to start? Let me tell you and hopefully you will be able to successfully change the oil and save a few dollars at the same time. First and foremost is safety. It is very important that you have all the safety equipment, properly working tools, and an extra adult around to call for help or just as an extra set of hands. Safety equipment should include the following: safety goggles, gloves to protect your hands from excessive exposure to the hot oil, shop rags, the proper oil collection pan, and container(s) that can be taken to your local oil recycling center or service station. You want to save both yourself and the environment for another day. Your tools should be clean, free from rust and other damage. Also, your work area should also be clean and on level ground; cement is preferable rather than gravel, as you will be lying on it. Secondly, assemble all the tools and parts you’ll need, as well as having your owner’s manual on hand to be able to find the engine and oil pan components that you’ll be working on. Tools that are recommended are the following: car ramps, oil filter wrench, socket wrench that fits the oil plug, a â€Å"Jeepers Creeper† shop cart to roll around on when you do the undercarriage work, and clean shop rags. You will need to have the manufacturer’s recommended weight of oil and enough quarts of that weight for your vehicle. You’ll need the correct size of oil filter, as well. Your local car parts store will be happy to help if you cannot find the information in your manual. Now, with your partner’s assistance, carefully place the car ramps in front of the automobile and slowly drive up them. Keep in mind, though, that the more the engine has run, the hotter the oil. You may want to let it cool for a few moments and let all the oi...

Liberty essays

Liberty essays Western mans pursuit of liberty has been constant. Indeed, the concept of liberty is central to Western political thought and history. The following essays, which were the first of the Goodrich Lecture Series at Wabash College, examine the concept of liberty as it has been understood from antiquity through the twentieth century. Since they were delivered, some of the essays have been modified, but the original thrust of the lecture series has been preserved. It is fitting that these lectures focused on this concept which was so important to Mr. Pierre Goodrich, in whose honor this lecture series was created. Mr. Goodrich founded Liberty Fund Inc., a foundation given over to the programmatic and philosophic study of society made up of free and responsible individuals. The value of such studies reflects Mr. Goodrichs understanding of the difficult problems raised in advancing and defending human liberty. These essays examine the meaning given to the concept of liberty in selected periods of Western history. They demonstrate that Western man, in the pursuit of liberty, has concerned himself in every historical epoch with this concept as he attempted to define, implement, and, most importantly, understand it. Free will, that quality which characterizes the uniqueness of human beings, is evidenced in their acts, behaviors, and choices. However, this fact does not mean that human behavior, thought, and choice have unchanging purpose or content since such free choices are within the power of the individual and are conditioned by the circumstances in which individuals operate. Consequently, historical examination of this concept provides an outline for the inquiry made regarding the nature of liberty-its definition, its implementation, and its value. Professor Rufus Fearss essay opens this unique collection by examining the concept of liberty in Republican Rome and its transformation from the period of the Republic to th...

Good manufacturing practice guidelines Essays

Good manufacturing practice guidelines Essays Good manufacturing practice guidelines Essay Good manufacturing practice guidelines Essay ( two ) Attachment to assorted criterions -Good Manufacturing Practice ( GMP ) , e.g. the 5P’s ( Premise, Primary stuffs, Personnel/People, Procedure, and Process, define and record ) -Standard runing processs ( SOP ) : -Regulatory facets ( three ) Quality control ( QC ) and quality confidence ( QA ) of tablets ( four ) Problems occurred during industry of tablets, and solutions ( if any ) ( V ) Other treatments ( e.g. certification, audit, R A ; D, if applicable ) In Malaysia, one of the requirement for using a fabrication licence and merchandise enrollment is the conformity to the Good Manufacturing Practice1. The makers of the registered pharmaceutical/traditional merchandises should adhere to the guideline stated in Good Manufacturing Practice ( GMP ) to guarantee that the merchandise manufactured is safe, efficacious and up-to stated quality. The Good Manufacturing Practice ( GMP ) reviews of makers of registered merchandises are done by Centre for Compliance and Licensing ( CCL ) to guarantee makers conformity towards the current GMP demands. However, WHO has formulated GMP as a general guideline with rules for states to adhere with2. Some regional demands, such as Pharmaceutical Inspection Convention ( PIC ) , Association of South-East Asia Nations ( ASEAN ) - GMP and European Economic Community ( EEC ) are applied. The first component to be discussed in GMP is Personnel. The pilot works has equal figure of forces with the necessary makings and practical experience3. Organisation chart with specific responsibilities recorded in written occupation descriptions have to be provided, although in this instance seems to be non available. In footings of preparation wise, preparation is provided to the forces whose responsibilities require them to be in the production country or the research labs. If in any instance, such as untrained forces or visitants should be given briefing about personal hygiene and set in protective vesture in progress before come ining the production room. Other than that, they should be closely supervised every bit good. Protective garments appropriate to the operations are worn by every individual come ining the fabrication country. Prohibition on feeding, imbibing, masticating or smoke is purely adhered. In specific, direct contact should be avoided between the operator s cus todies and the open merchandise every bit good as with any portion of the equipment that comes into contact with the merchandises. Hence, gloves must be worn at all times. The 2nd component included is the Premises and Equipment. Generally speech production, premises and equipment must be located, designed, constructed, adapted and maintained to accommodate the operations to be carried out3. Attempts to understate the hazard of mistakes and license effectual cleansing and care in order to cut down cross-contamination, accretion of dust or soil must be shown through the layout and design of the production works. Repair and care operations should non endanger the quality of merchandises and must be disinfected harmonizing to detailed written processs. The premiss is organised to let the production countries connected in a logical order matching to the sequence of the operations. The interior surfaces, such as walls, floors and ceilings are smooth and free from clefts. The floor trim is curved, to let easy and effectual cleansing. The production country is good ventilated, with air control installations such as HEPA filters to avoid dusting and cut down e ntrance of dust from external infinites. The deliberation of get downing stuffs is carried out in a separate deliberation room designed for that usage, as stated in the GMP guideline. Excess stairss are taken to avoid cross-contamination in state of affairs where dust is generated, such as in production of tablets, by holding separated closed suites. The packaging of medicative merchandises, in this instance, the tablets, are specifically designed and laid out to avoid confusions. In-process controls are carried out in the production country every bit long as they do non transport any hazard for the production. The pulverizations are observed during granulation procedure. In this pilot works, the storage country is in sufficient capacity to let storage of assorted classs of stuffs and merchandises in orderly mode. Receiving bay ( same country as material room ) protect stuffs from the conditions. It is besides equipped with vacuity cleaning public-service corporation to let containe rs of incoming stuffs to be cleaned before storage. It is of import to take note that within the pilot works no washroom is available. As stated in the Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme ( PIC/S ) GMP Guide, point 3.31 – lavatories should non straight communicate with production or storage countries, hence, this pilot works complied with the guideline prescribed. Manufacturing equipment should be designed in a manner that eases the cleansing procedure. It should be cleaned harmonizing to detailed and written processs. The installing of equipment should prioritise to cut down the hazard of mistake or of taint. This is the ground most equipment is located following to each other, in a closed country, and contained in the equipment during the transportation. Equipment should be calibrated and checked at defined intervals by appropriate methods. Adequate records of such trials are recorded besides. The 3rd component is the Documentation. There is a figure of needed GMP certification, for illustration Site Master File, Specifications that describe the demands with which the merchandises or stuffs used or obtained have to conform, Manufacturing Formulae, Processing, Packaging and Testing Instructions, Procedures, Protocols and etc3. In the site, Standard Operating Procedures ( SOPs ) are provided in each processing room, depicting the operating stairss for equipment. Specifications for get downing, packaging, intermediate and bulk merchandises are available for critical stairss. In elaborate, the specifications should include the designated name, Paracetamol in this instance, mention to any pharmacopoeial monograph, approved providers of the stuff, waies for trying and proving, qualitative and quantitative demands with credence bounds, storage conditions and safeguards and in conclusion, the maximal period of storage before re-examination. The Forth facet in this treatment is Production. Defined processs for production operations must be followed as following with the GMP is necessary to obtain merchandises of needed quality. Other than managing stuffs in right mode, different merchandises must non be carried out at the same time in the same room3. Coevals of dust must be prevented, in this instance, for illustration, by holding dusting bags in the fluidized bed drier. In order to forestall cross-contamination in term of production, appropriate proficient or organizational steps are taken. Air-locks are installed and closed system of production is used. Lone stuffs that are validated with recorded consequences are used. The 5th component is the Quality Control. Quality control comprises trying, specifications and testing of the merchandises. It is of import to stress that Quality Control is independent from Production. Quality Control besides requires the necessary and relevant trials are being carried out3. Several testing is conducted in conformity to USP specifications, such as weight fluctuation, hardness, crumbliness, disintegration and etc. Other than the trials mentioned, the proper certification and release processs which maps to account that the trials are being carried out, quality control besides comprise of all determinations which may impact the quality of the merchandise. However, it is of import for to take note that for a complete finished merchandise appraisal, all the relevant factors have to be taken into history, such as production conditions, consequences of in-process testing, a reappraisal of fabricating certification, conformity with Finished Product Specification and scrutin y of the concluding finished battalion. All relevant certification should be made available to the Quality Control for measuring the quality of the merchandise. A batch record has to be kept at least a twelvemonth after the termination day of the month of the batch. The method of trying should adhere to O.K. written processs such as equipment to be used and the sum of sample to be taken, type and status of sample container and storage conditions. Mention samples from each batch should be retained until one twelvemonth after the termination day of the month and the sample size should be sufficient to let at least a full re-examination. The cogency of proving methods should be confirmed and harmonizing to approved methods. Consistency of consequences should be checked. The readying of research lab reagents, glasswork, solutions, mention criterions and civilization media should be harmonizing to written processs. Marketed merchandise should be monitored for its stableness. National Pharmaceutical Control Bureau, Ministry of Health Malaysia. Good Fabrication Practice/Good Distribution [ Online ] . 2013 May 14 [ cited 2015 Feb 5 ] ; Available from:Uniform resource locator:hypertext transfer protocol: //portal.bpfk.gov.my/index.cfm? A ; menuid=146 A ; parentid=113 Jaya Bir Karmacharya. Good Fabrication Practices ( GMP ) for Medicinal Products [ Online ] 2012 May 23 [ cited 2015 Feb 5 ] ; Available from:Uniform resource locator:hypertext transfer protocol: //cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/37170.pdf Pharmaceutical Inspection Convention Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-Operation Scheme. Guide To Good Manufacturing Practice For Medicinal Products Part I [ On-line ] . 2014 Mar 1 [ cited 2015 Feb 5 ] ; Available from:Uniform resource locator:hypertext transfer protocol: //www.picscheme.org/publication.php? download A ; file=cGUtMDA5LTExLWdtcC1ndWlkZS1wYXJ0LWktYmFzaWMtcmVxdWlyZW1lbnRzLWZvci1tZWRpY2luYWwtcHJvZHVjdHMtY29weTEucGRm

Application of Psychology in Marketing Research Paper

Application of Psychology in Marketing - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that psychology has been considered an ideal area of study that can be applied in several social science areas. One of these areas is marketing. Perhaps, for those who would like to enhance their businesses, marketing is prioritized due to its extensive primary importance to the business. Without marketing, potential customers are not able to learn about the existence of products and services they miss, and this leads to lack of success in business. In this regard, among areas of interest in marketing is the application of psychology in this field. One of the areas of psychology applied in marketing is evolutionary psychology. This psychological perspective mainly covers consumer behavior. Evolutionary psychology also seeks to unify the fields of evolutionary biology and cognitive psychology as applied to the human condition. In essence, a large part of marketing focuses on consumer behavior. In this regard, application of psychology acts a s a paradigmatic influence in explaining human behavior in terms of consumer perceptions and preferences of certain products and services. Perhaps, to be able to have a successful marketing strategy, an organization or business may opt to use the 4ps to enrich its marketing. Almost all businesses seek success. A combination of various factors is believed to contribute to this success.   Some of these factors include excellent communication systems and qualified workforce. However, in today’s business world, businesses are concerned with satisfying the customers’ needs more than with any other factors. In fact, there are more concerns about sensing, satisfying and serving the needs of customers (Egan 84). Nevertheless, this is not done without a proper planning. Many businesses are buying the idea of strategic

The Nineteenth Century America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Nineteenth Century America - Essay Example In the year 1819 the Transcontinental Treaty proposed by the then American President John Quincy Adams was signed by the United States and Spain. This treaty reinforced the American belief of territorial expansion. The desire to spread towards the west increased when John Jacob Astor expanded his fur trade company to the Pacific Northwest. With trade expansions the legendary â€Å"mountain men† became popular as they were financially facilitated by the fur trade companies to move to other countries in search of profit. During the 1830s and 1840s the Americans expanded their territory westward towards the Pacific Ocean. Besides economic there were other reasons like avoiding religious persecution. Their attempt to establish American ideals into areas that fell into the boundaries of Mexico or Great Britain created diplomatic crisis. The phrase Manifest Destiny was coined in 1845. It manifested the American belief that God has given them the right to expand their territories bec ause of their growing population. The largest acquisition took place in 1803 when America acquired Louisiana territory for $15 million. With this America got control over Mississippi River and the size of the nation became double. America was greatly affected by the era of expansion. The territorial expansions resulted in dividing the nation by causing diplomatic crisis, war and internal conflicts. The economic expansion that took place internally increased class differences and America began to be recognised as a â€Å"land of opportunity and upward mobility† (Divine et.al, ch.8, 9, 13). II.Transportation Revolution During the first half of nineteenth century America experienced a growth in market economy. This was helped by development in the transportation sector which created an economic link between different parts of the nation and strengthened the national economy. It was the era of expansion in America when the nation expanded its territory towards the West. Most of the land in the east of Mississippi river became marketing centers to fulfill the needs of the farmers. There was a growing awareness among the political leaders regarding the need of connecting these distant areas with the rest of the nation through a well developed transport system. The initial focus was on developing the road network by building new highways and improving the older roads. Overland toll roads or turnpikes could not provide cheap transportation to cover long distances during bad weather because of their poor conditions. More economically efficient was the water transport. Many canals were constructed to estab lish links between the rivers Ohio and Mississippi as canals were cheaper to transport heavy agricultural goods than on poorly maintained roads and highways. The most important canal, the Erie Canal, was constructed in 1825. This canal helped in extending the commercial market to New York and this led to economic development in the region. There were also other improvements made on water transport. Steamboats became popular after they were invented in 1807 by Robert Fulton. (Divine et.al, ch.9) The growth of railroads in the 1840s and the 1850s reduced the importance of canals as primary means of freight transport. The expansion of the railroads helped the iron industry of America. It also facilitated financing of business sectors and paved the way for governments to provide land grants (Divine et.al, ch.13). III. Jackson presidential administrations During the 1820s and 1830s the concept of â€Å"self-made man† was celebrated in the political culture. It promoted the idea th at leaders of the

Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 4

Research Methods - Essay Example Whilst he acknowledges that legal compliance and laws may provide a correlation to state behaviour and international politics, Waltz feels that is theory that explains them and to this end attempts to reconstruct classic realism through a somewhat scientific approach. Therefore, Waltz’s book seeks to go beyond the classic realist position of politics in terms of state characteristics and state interaction with each other. Therefore Waltz’s central theory of neo-realism in international politics is underpinned by Waltz’s proposition that the system of international politics is inherently dependent on a system of anarchy. This system of anarchy according to Waltz effectively creates the international order of hierarchy, which is further defined by states who are unitary rational actors on the one hand and rational actors on the other. To this end, Waltz’s discussion of the Cold War highlights his propensity towards viewing the international political order from a systemic perspective as opposed to considering the intentions of individual states and human behaviour, which is arguably the inherent weakness of the book in context of contemporary international politics. For example, in focusing on the international politics as a whole state system as opposed to individual state level factors, Waltz avoids assumptions about human nature and morality and power in international politics. Waltz’s neo-realist paradigm proposes that the central factor in international politics is security and whilst gathering power, often results in destructive effects. Therefore, in propounding the idea that state survival is imperative in international politics, Waltz suggests that gathering power isn’t prominent however the goal of survival necessarily results in power being obtained by default. To this end, Waltz’s theory posits that the international system is the dominant factor, which he

Camera Positions in Strictly Ballroom Movie Review

Camera Positions in Strictly Ballroom - Movie Review Example He faces umpteen amount of resistance and criticism. Evidently Ballroom Dancing forms the crux of the story. In the world of movie-making, the camera is one of the main sources of adding life to the story and the characters, by capturing the drama, emotions and characterization; which carry forward the whole essence of the storyline and the objective behind making the movie. Similarly, the Camera Movement in the movie captures the very essence of Ballroom Dancing! Since the whole movie revolves around dancing as its theme, the camera too lends free movement and style! In the first few scenes in the movie that establish the dance movements, the camera is used to capture pan shots that sway from one side to the other and long shots. These camera movements set in the feel and mood of graceful dance movements, complementing them at each stage! In the next instance, when Latin dance movements comes into the forefront, the camera plays its role to the finesse, by capturing quick, fast-paced movements to carry home to the viewers, the agility associated with Latin dancing. This exhibits the impact the camera can create, in capturing pace! As mentioned in the outline of the story, 'Strictly Ballroom' relates the efforts of Hastings to

Hewlett-Packard Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hewlett-Packard Article - Essay Example The business thrived and expanded during the leadership of Bill Hewlett at the helms but later on, under successive CEOs like John Young and then Lew Platt in 1993, it started stagnating and losing profits. The printer business was hugely successful but the company faced lot of competition from Dell which was selling customized computers at much lower prices. From 1993 to 1999, computer and printer businesses grew at compound rate of 20% and in 1999, HP formed its spin-off company Agilent Technologies comprising of its instruments and related businesses. Platt lacked strategic necessary leadership that needed to be flexible and visionary to encompass the environmental changes and adopt more aggressive creative inputs. Carly Fiorina, the dynamic young executive who had played critical role in turning the fortunes of new spinoff company of AT&T, Lucent Technologies, was made CEO of the company in 1999. Fiorina brought with a new culture of aggressive selling, merger, incentive based performance that lacked commitment and loyalty towards company. She made sweeping changes within the organization. Her motto was ‘preserve the best and reinvent the rest’. The company’s name was shortened to ‘HP’ and reduced the advertising agencies to only 2 from 43. 80 autonomous product based operating divisions into two front-end sales and marketing organization and two back-end R&D and manufacturing organizations. Revenue over profit and incentive based remuneration over salary based employment became major focus areas. Retrenchment and cost cutting was justified as means to tackle general financial downturn. During her first year, sales increased by 15% but it could not be maintained. The acquisition of Compaq computers in 2002 by HP was primarily to strengthen the capabilities in computer division which later backfired. While initially the merger was successful and it was able to maintain flagship position in computer segment but could

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 44

Essay Example Figure 1 shows the network diagram of such communication; Internet Service Provider (ISP) Server for a certain region will listen to a number of internet users. The client will request for connection and connection request will be catered by the server on a queue mechanism so that there are no clients left without service. Another mechanism to handle requests that is very common among multi client servers is based on priority of messages. The server can listen to n number of clients and clients can disconnect from the server at any point of time. There are generally two approaches to handle multi client server implementation. One approach is to have singleton servers for each client i.e. a server instance is created every time a request is received for a connection. This approach is not very practical for real-time systems. The other approach is to designate one server as the ‘connection manager’ that will be catering to a number of clients by retrieving their individual information on need basis. The TCP/IP model, also termed as Internet Protocol Suite, defines the format and implementation of a set of networking protocols to facilitate communication between nodes in a network. It is the set of protocols that is used for Internet and other networks. This model is based on protocols and it does not distinguish between service and protocols. TCP/IP model is known to have 4 layers and slightly different names have been given to the respective layers by different researchers. The names that have been chosen by Tanenbaum are: Multi client server gives service to n number of client. Communication takes place over TCP/IP and messages are passed on from the layers of the TCP/IP model to the end-host. OSI reference model can be considered as a guidance tool whereas the TCP/IP model can be used for implementation. Cygwin provides the Microsoft Windows users with a Linux-like platform.

Camera Positions in Strictly Ballroom Movie Review

Camera Positions in Strictly Ballroom - Movie Review Example He faces umpteen amount of resistance and criticism. Evidently Ballroom Dancing forms the crux of the story. In the world of movie-making, the camera is one of the main sources of adding life to the story and the characters, by capturing the drama, emotions and characterization; which carry forward the whole essence of the storyline and the objective behind making the movie. Similarly, the Camera Movement in the movie captures the very essence of Ballroom Dancing! Since the whole movie revolves around dancing as its theme, the camera too lends free movement and style! In the first few scenes in the movie that establish the dance movements, the camera is used to capture pan shots that sway from one side to the other and long shots. These camera movements set in the feel and mood of graceful dance movements, complementing them at each stage! In the next instance, when Latin dance movements comes into the forefront, the camera plays its role to the finesse, by capturing quick, fast-paced movements to carry home to the viewers, the agility associated with Latin dancing. This exhibits the impact the camera can create, in capturing pace! As mentioned in the outline of the story, 'Strictly Ballroom' relates the efforts of Hastings to

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 44

Essay Example Figure 1 shows the network diagram of such communication; Internet Service Provider (ISP) Server for a certain region will listen to a number of internet users. The client will request for connection and connection request will be catered by the server on a queue mechanism so that there are no clients left without service. Another mechanism to handle requests that is very common among multi client servers is based on priority of messages. The server can listen to n number of clients and clients can disconnect from the server at any point of time. There are generally two approaches to handle multi client server implementation. One approach is to have singleton servers for each client i.e. a server instance is created every time a request is received for a connection. This approach is not very practical for real-time systems. The other approach is to designate one server as the ‘connection manager’ that will be catering to a number of clients by retrieving their individual information on need basis. The TCP/IP model, also termed as Internet Protocol Suite, defines the format and implementation of a set of networking protocols to facilitate communication between nodes in a network. It is the set of protocols that is used for Internet and other networks. This model is based on protocols and it does not distinguish between service and protocols. TCP/IP model is known to have 4 layers and slightly different names have been given to the respective layers by different researchers. The names that have been chosen by Tanenbaum are: Multi client server gives service to n number of client. Communication takes place over TCP/IP and messages are passed on from the layers of the TCP/IP model to the end-host. OSI reference model can be considered as a guidance tool whereas the TCP/IP model can be used for implementation. Cygwin provides the Microsoft Windows users with a Linux-like platform.

Olaudah Equiano Essay Example for Free

Olaudah Equiano Essay A journal is kept to reminisce on experiences people have gone through, also to share with others in the future. In the two narratives â€Å"from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano† by Olaudah Equiano and â€Å"from The Journal of the First Voyage to America† by Christopher Columbus are both journals about their life experiences. Equiano and Columbus had different encounters with the people they met, and used different imagery. Likewise, they both wrote for the same purpose. The impressions of the people they met were different. Equiano had a horrible encounter with the slave traders on the ship he was on. He mentioned, â€Å"Every circumstance I met with, served only to render my state more painful, and heightened my apprehensions, and my opinion of the cruelty of the whites. † (p. 45) The white slave traders were cruel and horrible. The whites treated them horribly and had no respect for them. In spite of that, Columbus had a different approach towards the natives he met with on his voyage. â€Å"the natives came down to the shore with their calabashes full, and showed great pleasure in presenting us with it. † (p. 64), unlike the whites, the natives are giving and considerate. I ordered more glass beads to be given them, and they promised to return the next day. â€Å" (p. 64) Columbus and his men developed a relationship with the natives and they got along. In addition, the imagery that Equiano and Columbus used were different. Equiano uses imagery to help visualize the horrible condition that him and the other slaves were in. â€Å"The shrieks of the women, and the groans of the dying, rendered the whole scene of horror almost inconceivable. † (p. 45), Equiano explains the agony they were going through, so much pain that many people felt as if they were dying. On the other hand, Columbus analyzes that â€Å"This island even exceeds the others in beauty and fertility. † (p. 62), which shows his admiration towards the island he was on. Although Equiano and Columbus shared many differences, they both had the same purpose for writing. Equiano wrote about his awful experience while being transported to an island as a slave. The reason for writing about his experience was for people to recognize the horrible condition they were in, and how bad they were being treated by the whites. â€Å"at all events I am determined to proceed on to the continent† (p. 4), Columbus wrote in his journal to pass on his experience he had during his voyage to others and to â€Å"deliver the letters of your highnesses† (p. 64) which he will return answers to the King and Queen back home. In conclusion, Equiano and Columbus both lived an unforgettable experience. They both wrote about it and kept it in a journal. They had different experiences and encounters throughout their voyage. Their main purpose for writing was to share their life experiences with others and also to teach about the unknown and undiscovered.

Infection and Immunology: A Case Study

Infection and Immunology: A Case Study The presenting symptoms for Billy DeWitt were his consecutive infections of sinusitis, otitis media and pneumonia. All of these infections were bacterial in nature and as such they were treated successfully with antibiotics. A further physical examination revealed that the child does not have palantine tonsils. This is considered a symptom as he has not had them removed at any point surgically. This implies that he was born without those particular tonsils, which may be characteristic of what is ailing Billy. The final two symptoms involve the analysis of Billys blood. The tests showed that the blood contained one-fifth what is considered the regular level for immunoglobulins and also that the concentration of B-lymphocytes was down. The blood tests also showed that the functionality of Billys T-lymphocytes was within normal limits. This means that although the some of the immune response is normal, the amount of both immunoglobulins and the B-lymphocytes in the blood serum were low. This suggests that the disease that Billy has seems to be affecting a specific part of his immune response. The inflammatory response is the bodys natural response to tissue damage. The four basic signs for this response are pain, swelling, fever, and lethargy, apathy, and a loss of appetite. There are two stages to pain. First is the acute pain that is caused when you do something such as touch a stove. Its a quick stabbing-like mechanism that tells the brain that you are doing something thats not good and gets you to stop it immediately. The latter type of pain, the type seen with inflamation, is the kind that stays for a long time. It acts as a constant reminder to take better care of the area in order for it to heal Swelling is a defensive process created by the body. The sensory nerves react to what is causing the inflamation and causes the blood vessles to become more permeable (causing redness). This causes the white blood cells to get out to where the problem is and attack any pathogens that are causeing it. Fever is caused by an increase in the hormone prostaglandin E2, which causes the hypothalmus to increase the bodys thermostat.This makes the external temperature feel colder, causing the body to go through invouluntary actions to increase body heat, such as shivering. Also, most bacteria reproduce the most at normal body temperature, so by increasing the temperature of the body, the bacteria divide less often. This is also convenient because at a higher than normal body temperature, immune cells divide faster. The root cause of the lethargy, apathy, and loss of appetite seen in someone responding from inflammation, is their fever. In order to cause a fever, the body must use up 10-13% more body heat than usual, which requires much more energy. In order to balance the energy budget, sacrifices must be made elsewhere, causing the person in which the infection is located to be more lazy and tired, because they lack energy. Inflamation and tissue Healing Sportsinjuryclinic.net. Web. 4 Feb. 2010. Quanted, Patrick. The inflammation Process. Web. 4 Feb. 2010. The body is populated by two types of lymphocytes: B- and T-lymphocytes. Both types of lymphocytes circulate through the blood and lymph and are concentrated in the spleen, lymph nodes, and other lymphoid tissues. B cells and T cells recognize antigens by means of antigen receptors embedded in their plasma membranes. A single B or T cell bears about 100,000 of these antigen receptors, and all the receptors on a single cell are identical this is, they all recognize the same epitope. In other words, each lymphocyte displays specificity for a particular epitope on an antigen and defends against that antigen or a small set of closely related antigens. T cells and B cells are the major cellular components of the adaptive immune response. T cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity whereas B cells are primarily responsible for humoral immunity (relating to antibodies). The function of T cells and B cells is to recognize specific non-self antigens, during a process known as antigen presentation. Once they have identified an invader, the cells generate specific responses that are tailored to maximally eliminate specific pathogens or pathogen infected cells. B cells respond to pathogens by producing large quantities of antibodies which then neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses. In response to pathogens some T cells, called T helper cells, produce cytokines that direct the immune response while other T cells, called cytotoxic T cells, produce toxic granules that induce the death of pathogen infected cells. Following activation, B cells and T cells leave a lasting legacy of the antigens they have encountered, in the fo rm of memory cells. Throughout the lifetime of an animal these memory cells will remember each specific pathogen encountered, and are able to mount a strong response if the pathogen is detected again. Harding, CV, and L. Ramachandra. Presenting exogenous antigen to T cells. PubMed.gov. U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, Feb. 2010. Web. 10 Feb. 2010. Lee, K, et al. In Vivo Tumor Suppression Activity by T cell-specific T-bet Restoration. PubMed.gov. U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institute of Health, 8 Feb. 2010. Web. 10 Feb. 2010. A person with deficient of B-Cell will have weak immune responses since the B cell are responsible for the primary immune response. This will lead to massive bacterial infection early in life during development. Typically respiratory infections such as pneumonia are usually the first sign of these infections. Others are skin infections; meningitis, bacteremias and abscesses are also common when there is a deficiency in B-Cell. The deficiency of B-Cell usually occurs when the child becomes 7-9 years of age. Tonsillar B-Cell is the primary type of B cell which is produced by the pansil tonsil located in the side of throat. Since Billy lacked the palatine tonsils, the onset of B-Cell problems would therefore occur much early in his life. Issam, Makhoul. Pure B-Cell Disorders. emedicine. Medscape, 4 Nov. 2009. Web. 10 Feb. 2010. Antibodies (also known as immunoglobulins, abbreviatedIg) are glycoproteins that are found in blood and other bodily fluids of vertebrates. They are used by the immune system to identify and destroy foreign objects (bacteria and viruses). Plasma cells, a kind of white blood cell produce antibodies. Antibodies have a similar structure but have a small region at the tip of them that allows millions of antibodies with different tip structures and antigen binding sites, to exist. They are Y-shaped with a binding site on each tip of the Y. This region is known as the hypervariable region. There are five classes of antibodies: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE. IgG are the most important antibody and also the most common. Each antibody can bind to a specific antigen using its tip. An antigen is any substance that causes the immune system to produce antibodies against it. Antigens can be a foreign substance such as a bacteria, virus, chemical, toxin, or pollen.The large amount of antibodies allow s the immune system to recognize many different antigens and act accordingly. The unique part of the antigen recognized by an antibody is called anepitope. Epitopes bind with their antibody in a process calledinduced fit. This allows antibodies to identify and bind only to their specific antigen. Antibodies can also destroy targets by binding to a part of apathogenthat it needs to cause aninfection. Antibodies function in different ways designed to eliminate the antigen that caused their production. The binding occurs by noncovalent forces, like between enzymes and their substrate. These bonds include hydrogen bonds, electrostatic bonds, Van der Waals forces and hydrophobic bonds. When a foreign object enters the body for the first time the body can develop symptoms of disease. After the same antigen enters the body again the body develops an immune response to that pathogen. This is the way people avoid certain diseases such as chicken pox more than once. Antigen Presentation. Kimballs Biology Pages. N.p., 30 Aug. 2009. Web. 10 Feb. 2010. Mayer, Gene. Immunoglobulins Structure and Function. Mircrobiology and Immunology On-line. University of South Carolina School of Medicine, 6 Nov. 2009. Web. 10 Feb. 2010. Stevenson, John R. Immunoglobulin Structure and Function. MBI. N.p., 19 Sept. 2008. Web. 10 Feb. 2010. Ten months is the normal age at which babies are weaned. If this is what happened to Billy, then it explains why he was never infected before. Breastfed babies are protected by their own mothers milk. About 80 percent of the cells in a mothers milk are macrophages, which kill bacteria and viruses in the babys body. Not only that, but the mothers milk also contains antibodies for whatever disease is present in her environment. This protects the babies from many diseases such as pneumonia, staph infections, and ear infections. Weaning Billy from his mothers milk takes away the only protection from his environment that he has, because his body is incapable of fending for itself, and leaves him defenseless, which causes him to constantly get sick. Williams, Rebecca D. Breastfeeding: Best Bet for Babies. Childbirth Solutions, Inc. Web. 8 Feb. 2010. The palatine tonsils, also referred to as tonsils, are a pair of very elastic tissue masses located at the back of the throat, which is the pharynx. Each of these tonsils is made of tissue that is similar to lymph nodes covered in pink mucosa. The palatine tonsils are part of the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system fights off major and minor infections. They are the bodys defense against viruses and bacteria by creating antibodies to destroy the bacteria or virus. Medical researchers have studied that when childrens tonsils are removed, they would not suffer the loss in the future with immunity to diseases or the ability to defend off infections. In humans, tonsils vary in size and swell in response to infections. The tonsils are a common site for infections and when they are inflamed, the condition is known as tonsillitis. The surgical procedure of the removal of the tonsils is known as tonsillectomy. tonsil.Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Online. 10 Feb. 2010 Understanding Tonsillitis the Basics. WebMD. N.p., 25 Nov. 2008. Web. 10 Feb. 2010. The fact the Billy had two uncles that died as young children suggests that they have a disease that is linked to the X chromosome. The article says nothing about the childs grandfather having any problems, which means that the disease cannot be on the Y chromosome. The mother is healthy, therefore women are the carriers of the gene and Billys mother passed it onto him. The reason that his mother does not have the disease is because women have two X chromosomes. As long as she has one healthy X chromosome she will not have the disease. The disease that we believe that Billy DeWitt has is X-linked agammaglobulinemia. This disease fits almost all of the symptoms very well. This disease is a genetic disease that is on the X chromosome and it results in the person lacking immunoglobulins because the majority of their B-lymphocytes do not develop properly. This is completely consistent with tests done on the Billys blood serum with his immunoglobulin levels and B-lymphocyte levels both being down. This disease also leaves the T-lymphocytes untouched which matches the results that said the T-lymphocytes in Billys blood were functioning properly. This diagnosis also explains why Billy had bacterial infections as a baby. B-lymphocytes are important in fighting off bacteria and because he did not have as many it makes sense that he would be much more susceptible to those types of diseases. The only thing that is slightly inconsistent is the childs lack of palatine tonsils. Symptoms of this disease include lymph nodes like t he tonsils as being extremely small because they usually house B-lymphocytes, but it does not say that any patients completely lacked palatine tonsils from the disease. It is possible that they were so small that the doctors missed them because they were so small, or it is just a coincidence that they were never there and it did nothing but augment the disease by taking away a possible place of B-lymphocyte creation. This disease cannot be completely cured because it is genetic but the symptoms can be managed. Billy needs to receive a steady supply of a mixture of immunoglobulins and antibodies for many different diseases. This will allow him to maintain his immune system at a higher level and allow him to live a pretty normal life. The only thing that really needs to be avoided is any kind of live viral vaccines. People with X-linked agammaglobulinemia tend to contract the viruses that are meant to be prevented from the vaccines because of their weakened immune systems. International Patient Organisation for Primary Immunodeficiencies. X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia. Immune Defiency Foundation, 2007. PDF file.

Apu and his dog :: essays research papers

Scene  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Starting - A Hobo walks up to a group of chairs, where 2 other people are   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sitting, and sites next to them. Nar.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This poor old Hobo use to be rich, now he has nothing left in the world except his pride Hobo  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hello Sir. Sir  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (Turns to the side) I can’t believe this hobo is talking to me. What Gaul, to think he wants to talk to me. (Turns back toward the hobo And say in a snobby voice) Can I help you? Hobo  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Why yes, would you listen to my story? Sir  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (Gets up) Sorry this is my bus. Sir 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Excuse me sir (the Hobo) I will listen to you.(moves over one seat, next to the Hobo) Hobo  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  why sure, this story starts a long time ago. When mullets, bell-bottoms, and disco was in style. Sir 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  O.K. keep going. Nar.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A flashback back to a time when Apu wasn’t always called a hobo. A time when Apu was young, and full of spunk. A time when Apu, didn’t have a tan. Scene  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Flash back - Desk/chairs moved out, Apu is all alone. Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Everywhere I go, I see girls with guys. (Emphasis) Why can’t I get one? Girl  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (walks up) Hey your kind of cute. (Walks away snickering) Nar.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another girl teases him. By now Apu has gotten use to this kind of attention. But longs for the other kind. Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (across the room) Hey you! Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (look around, behind you, to the side, look around again, then finally point to yourself, and have kind of a speechless look on your face) Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ya you, come over here. Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (In a shaky voice) Why do you want to talk to me? Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (looks left) Hey Baby, shake a leg and go get in the car.(pause) Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  O.K. Back to what we were talking about. Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I’ve noticed that girls walk all over you, (Apu starts nodding), they make fun of you, tease you/ Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (cuts in) Hey, hey, (emphasis) hey I get the point.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So why did you want to talk to me? Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I’m going to let you in on a little secret, don’t tell anyone. Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sure? Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A long, long time ago, I was just like you. A scrawny little loser who couldn’t get anyone to even walk in the same directions as myself. Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (loud) Whoa! You’re lying. Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Shh, do you want me to tell you my secret or not? Apu  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Go on Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A long time ago, a man came up to me, just as I’m doing to you. He told me the same things that you are about to hear. Nar.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (Apu and the Man look like your talking to each other) The Man and Apu talked for a long time.

PSY 301, Introductory Psychology, Fall 2005, Exam 3 B :: UTEXAS Texas Psychology

Form B Name: __________________________ Date: _____________ Introductory Psychology, Fall 2005 (Hawkins) Exam 3 Instructions: Write your name and the date on the top of this exam. Your must turn in this exam along with your answer sheet. On the answer sheet, print your EID, blacken the letters of your EID and provide the other information requested. (Don't forget to put which form of the exam you took!) Remember to blacken your choice for each item on the answer sheet (A, B, C, or D) and completely erase your questions. Good luck! 1. Isaac, a 25-year-old law student, is heterosexual; his brother Chaim, a 21-year-old college senior, is homosexual. The brothers obviously differ in their: A) gender identity. B) sexual role. C) sexual orientation. D) gender type. E) gender schema. 2. Mentally rehearsing one's resentments contributes to ________ perspiration levels and ________ blood pressure levels than mentally rehearsing forgiveness. A) lower; lower B) higher; higher C) lower; higher D) higher; lower 3. State University's psychology department and school of medicine are co-sponsoring a new professional program that applies behavioral and medical knowledge to health and disease. State University will clearly be offering a new degree in: A) medical psychology. B) human engineering. C) behavioral medicine. D) neuropsychology. 4. Rush hour traffic is to upset stomach as ________ is to ________. A) fight; flight B) Type B; Type A C) lymphocyte; macrophage D) hypertension; indigestion E) stressor; stress reaction 5. Research on taste aversion in rats led to the discovery that suppression of the immune system can be influenced by: A) biofeedback. B) Type A behaviors. C) elevated cholesterol levels. D) classical conditioning. E) aerobic exercise. 6. According to the two-factor theory, the two basic components of emotions are ________ and ________. A) facial expressions; cognitive labels B) emotion-arousing events; physical arousal C) physical arousal; overt behavior D) cognitive labels; physical arousal 7. The feel-good, do-good phenomenon refers to the fact that when people feel happy they: A) are more willing to help others. B) perceive the world as a safer place. C) make decisions more effectively. D) experience a more positive self-image. E) report greater satisfaction with their whole lives. 8. British civil service workers in executive positions live longer than those in clerical positions. This best illustrates the value of: A) spontaneous remission. B) perceived control. C) the general adaptation syndrome. D) alternative medicine. 9. The two-factor theory of emotion was proposed by: A) Walter Cannon. B) Robert Zajonc. C) William James. D) Stanley Schachter. E) Richard Lazarus. 10. In response to stress, the adrenal gland releases: A) epinephrine. B) lymphocytes. C) uric acid. D) teratogens. E) acetylcholine. 11. Who suggested that â€Å"we feel sorry because we cry . . . afraid because we tremble†?

Lee Kum Kee

Mr.. Lee Shih Nan carries on the work of improving production procedure, while Mr.. Lee Shih Tang was responsible for sales and marketing. However, because of the disagreement in business, Lee Shih Nan buying out of Lee Shih Tang with the help of Lee Wanda, the son of Lee Shih Nan. During this period, Lee Gum Eke expanded its operation and develop import and export business to meet the increasing demands of its overseas market. And then, in 1972, Mr.. Lee Wanda was appointed Chairmen of the company.New business policies and expansion strategies were introduced, setting the direction of the company for the future. Mr.. Lee set â€Å"promoting Chinese cuisine worldwide† as the corporate vision and infuses â€Å"Is Lie Xi Rene†, which means considering others' interests, into the company. However, Lee Gum Eke faced a big problem in 1986 for the reason that Lee Wend's brother Lee Went wanted to liquidate his own share. Lee Gum Eke faced a split once again. The conflict esca lated as the time passed by, even resorting to law. Lee Gum Eke was ordered by court to suspend business for half a year.At the same time, The 4th generation of Lee family, Eddy, David, Charlie, Sammy and Elizabeth graduated from abroad and joined Lee Gum Eke in the ass. The scope and scale of Lee Gum Eke has been developed rapidly. In 1 992, Lee Gum Eke collaborated with the First Ministry Medical University and established the Infant Lee Gum Eke Health Products Co. ,Ltd. To promote traditional Chinese herbal health products. In the same time, apart from the mission of â€Å"promoting Chinese cuisine worldwide, Lee Gum Eke purr forward the mission that â€Å"modernizing traditional Chinese herbal health around the world†.Armed with a unique management culture, stringent quality control, superb and innovative products, coupled with the century-long brand reputation, Lee Gum Eke has achieved unanimous recognition and won numerous prestigious awards. . Family asset 2. 1 Value based leadership(culture value, family value), 2. 1. 1 core value From 1972-1992, after the third generation Lie Wanda took charge of the company, Lee Gum Eke substantiates its core value of â€Å"considering others' interests† in every aspect of its business operations. It was built upon the principles of â€Å"pragmatism, integrity and constant entrepreneurship†.Besides its core value and principles, the company also put forward two missions -â€Å"promoting Chinese cuisine worldwide† and â€Å"modernizing traditional Chinese herbal health around the world†. This value reflects the corporate social accessibility . When pursuing the interests of their own, enterprises should also consider others interest, and then benefit the society. It conforms the long-term management goal of company. 2. 1. 2 Family First Lee Gum Eke always put family in the most important position, making business as a part of family.Lie Wanda thought that family harmony is the found ation of prosperity, which reflects the traditional Chinese culture harmonious family can lead to the success of everything. 2. 1. 3 Establish family committee Lee Gum Eke Group established committee on the family, including a total of 6 people. The core members are Lie Wanda, his wife and his five children. Lie Wanda and his five children are held key position in Lee Gum Eke. The family committee is the highest authority overseeing Lee Gum See's operation.The core function of family committee is the study how to governance family, including to resolve family conflicts, construct family system, nurture the next generation and so on. The family committee do not need to discuss the enterprise management problem. A major decision should agreed by 75% Of total number and the general decision should be agreed by 50% As we can see from the graph, the score of value of Lee Gum Eke is higher than the score of most other companies in SEA and Mainland China. To explain this Phenomenon, I will list the following four reasons. . Irritate(means longevity), 2. 2. 1 History and Reputation Established in 1 888, Lee Gum Eke has become a household name as an ethnic Chinese enterprise as well as an international brand and a symbol of quality and trust. With a glorious history of 1 25 years, Lee Gum Eke has become a household name as an ethnic Chinese enterprise of quality and trust. Armed with a unique management culture, stringent quality control, upper and innovative products, and its century-long reputation, Lee Gum Eke has achieved recognition and won numerous prestigious awards. . 2. 2 Activity participate in promotional activities. In recent years, Lee Gum Eke family members frequently take part in the speech and interview activities to promote the company. Apart from that, many experts have published books intending to study on the cause of success in Lee Gum Eke family. Lee Huh Seen, one of the fourth generation member of Lee Gum Eke, published two books, which is Ã¢â‚¬Ë œthe power of considering other first† and † automatic wave model of leadership†.Automatic eave model of leadership is a kind of management mode of south Lee Gum Eke, the subsidiary company of Lee Gum Eke, aiming to continue operating cool, release unlimited potential, attract talent, consists of selection of talent, high letter atmosphere, highly efficient team. Publishing books has a very positive effect to promote the culture of company to public. As we can see from the graph, the score of heritage of Lee Gum Eke is higher explain this Phenomenon, I will list the following three reasons. 2. Connection 2. 3. Title in government department Lie Hussein: member of the CAP National Committee;Member of the Standing Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference Committee of Loaning Province;Director of the overseas Chinese united friendship conference; Lie Hugging: Vice President Chinese Cuisine Association; Director of Chinese Institute of food s cience and technology; Director of Hong Kong Chinese manufacturers association. These titles are very special political resources for enterprise. 2. 3. 2 Close cooperation with well-known universities and government department.Besides owning a lot of titles for family members, Lee Gum Eke has also collaborated with the First Military Medical University, Hong Kong University of Science &Technology, Distinguish University and other well-known colleges as well as some government departments. This is a very good resource for company's development. 3. Roadblocks 3. 1 Family roadblocks:Possible family conflicts At present, the fourth generation successor has not yet been determined. The four sons of Lee Wanda were hold important positions in the group.Although Lee Gum Eke Group set up a family committee which is a good communication platform between family members, it cannot guarantee that after Lie Wend's death, the fourth generation won't appear the operation, because the separation app eared in the second and third generation. 3. Institutional roadblocks 3. 2. 1 Hinder by government policy Chinese government banned direct selling activities in any form in April, 1998, asking the company that has obtained authorized direct selling power like South Lee Gum Eke stop business.It has caused a great impact on profit in the market of mainland china. 3. 2. 2 More concern on food safety problem There are more and more different kinds of food safety problems appear in China in recent years. Therefore, people especially from mainland china could ay more attention in food safety problem. However, more and more companies in sauce industry received complaints from public, which disclose that there are some unqualified products circulate in market. Those companies include Haitian Group, Lee Gum Eke Group, Wang choosy Group and so on.Therefore, food companies like Lee Gum Eke should invest more money to ensure the quality of product, which will increase the cost of company. 3. Ma rket roadblocks 3. 3. 1 Fierce competition and high operational cost Lee Gum Eke has been facing fierce competition from asses to the beginning of 21st century. With the advent of some famous sauce companies like Haitian Group, the market share of Lee Gum Eke in mainland china is losing constantly. Although the market share of Lee Gum Eke in Hong Kong and America performs good, it will still hinder the development of the enterprise for the low market share in mainland china.With the intense competition, the operational cost is increasing constantly, which is another problem Lee Gum Eke should avoid. 3. 3. 2 Disputation on workers There are some labors dispute the low-level salary. To lower the cost of company and make the product more competitive, Lee Gum Eke did not increase labors salary in these years, making employee have different opinions toward the company. Because Lee Gum see's core market still has a lot of growth opportunities and the firm is pay more attention in innovati on recently, continue to expand their market overseas.Therefore, the market roadblocks is not a big problem. 4. Reactions to roadblocks 4. 1 Reactions to Market roadblocks 4. 1. 1 launched a â€Å"happy index† For the dispute from some labors, Lee Gum Eke launched a â€Å"happy index† to measure the degree of satisfaction of workers. The survey showed that Lee Gum Eke won the honor of best employer in Asian area and Mainland China. . 1. 2 Constant entrepreneurship For the fierce competition and increasing operational cost, Lee Gum Eke put forward the target â€Å"constant entrepreneurship†, which means constantly innovation.Innovate in product packaging, in market, in management method and product producing procedure. It offers over 220 varieties of sauces and condiments in over 1 00 countries and regions across the five continents nowadays after setting the target â€Å"constant entrepreneurship†. Len addition to the Lee Gum Eke Sauce Group, Lee Gum Eke Health Product Group Infinitum (China) Company Limited develops the market of Chinese rebel health products. Not satisfied with the sauce field, Lee Gum Eke expand their business to the health product field, which is also a kind of innovation.Nearly 20 years since the establishment , the South Lee Gum Eke successfully produced nearly 50 kinds of product including infinitum health food. Since the twenty-first Century, Lee Gum Eke showed a strong momentum. 4. 2 Reactions to Family roadblocks 4. 21 Established family committee and constitution enterprise management problem. A major decision should agreed by 75% of Apart from establishing family committee, Lee Gum Eke also developed he family constitution. All family members must follow the family constitution, otherwise will not be able to get its due share. 4. 2. Caring for the Community Lee Kurd Eke deliver consciousness Of caring for the community, because to measure the success of a enterprise, the most important factor is how many contributions the enterprise make to the society. For example, the founder Wang Young-aching of company Formosa Plastic Group, contributes a lot to society, by establishing the charitable foundation Change Gung Memorial Hospital and the charitable trust Change Gung. All of his son and all the hillier were deeply moved by their father, leading them work together continue to be of value to their family company.After setting the target of caring for the community, Lee Gum Eke has obtained great achievement in following part. Caring for the Community: In 2008 and 2009, the senior management and employees of Lee Gum Eke participated in the â€Å"Charity Walk to Support Look Chi Association,† the â€Å"Lifeline Express Hong Kong Foundation – Charity Run/ Walk 2009† and various activities to raise money for victims of the Is Chuan earthquake. Caring for the Employees: Lee Gum Eke promotes a â€Å"3-balance† corporate hilltop's – family, health and work; and provides free nutritious lunch and a shuttle for employees.Caring for the Environment: Lee Gum Eke implemented environmental management facilities within its plants – an integrated oil and grease removal process to the sewage treatment system; reduction of plastic usage in packaging; and deploying circulating hot water system to generate energy. 4. 3 Reactions to institutional roadblocks: In line with the spirit of â€Å"Is Lie Xi Rene which means considering others interest, Lee Gum Eke resolutely bought out of the First Military MedicalSeniority and let the First Military Medical University continue to provide scientific research for the South Lee Gum Eke without participate in any management and investment. At the same time, the South Lee Gum Eke provided a sum of money to the First Military Medical University from sales in proportion. The problem has been well settled with guidance of â€Å"Is Lie Xi Rene†. For the complaints from public, Lee Gum Eke attaches great importance to quality of product. From 2004, Lee Gum Eke has taken a series of reform measures to improve product quality and improve customer satisfaction.Lee Gum Eke conduct questionnaire survey every half a year, set up R & D center and invest huge funds to establish integrated supply chain. These strategies have ensured product quality and have improved the competitiveness Of enterprises. The results show that 2004-2007 years customer complaint rate remains below 0. 006%. 5. Recommendations for other family enterprise 5. 1 Consciously penetrate the enterprise culture to brand shaping 5. 2 Cultivate the spirit of forever the entrepreneurial and continuous improvement 5. Implement people-oriented management culture 5. 4 Starting from basic and Striving to consolidate the basis of a hundred ears enterprise Family sustainability score 6. Conclusion â€Å"Lee Gum Eke† is not just an isolated brand, but a true to life, ups and downs of the family business 100 years of str uggle history. Let's not easy for any business concern to survive and remain strong for over a century. It is even more inconceivable for Lee Gum Eke, which began as a humble family operation, to grow into the renowned family enterprise that it is over a period Of 125 years.By studying Lee Gum Eke, I have learned a lot for the enterprise's core value â€Å"considering others interest first' , the target â€Å"constant entrepreneurship† and customer focused approach in developing business. By introducing family business map, we naturally come to the conclusion that Lee Gum Eke will continue put the family ownership and family management strategy in the foreseeable future. 6. 1 family ownership Concentrated ownership enables the controlling owner to effectively control the firm and to be held responsible for his decisions (Lucian, 1965; Jensen and Neckline, 1976).However, diffused ownership has benefits too. Selling ownership shares to investors facilitates financing and firm growth (Demesne, 1967). As we can see from the chart. The company Lee Gum Eke has a very high score of family value. Therefore, concentrated ownership can enable family members make their decision effectively. 6. 2 family management In principle, firm decision rights should be given to the person who maximizes the productivity of firm assets (Grossman and Hart, 1986; Jensen and Neckline, 1992).Founding family members have specialized abilities to preserve and share these intangibles because of life-long interactions and family governance mechanisms that are not available to non-family members. We call these specialized intangibles family assets. From the chart we can see that the roadblock of Lee Gum Eke is lower than most of companies located in SEA and Mainland China. Therefore, choosing family management can maximize the profit of company because of the intangible family assets can show to others.

Britvic Case Study Essay

The marketing concept urges organizations to focus on the needs and wants of their customer. By following this concept the organization’s success can be achieved solely through customer satisfaction. In the case study we see that by identify the needs of the customer; a key characteristic in the marketing concept, Ralph Chapman acknowledged that the Great Depression in the UK meant that many of the poorest customers needed an affordable source of vitamin C. He found a way to bottle fruit juices so they stayed fresher for longer without the addition of preservatives, his juices were sold in small glass bottles that ensured easy transportation. This contributed to keeping the products cost effective. Customer satisfaction is another significant part of the marketing concept. Britvic has a constant flow of new product development; they plan on launching a new Tango variant called Tango Clear with no added sugar. They plan on marketing this to the older generation. They have understood a knish in the older market to meet customer satisfaction by supplying a healthier alternative to their original product, which was more brand appealing to children and teenagers. We can identify that by using the marketing concept Britvic’s core goals are meeting the consumers needs and wants to achieve full customer satisfaction and to sustain their title as the second most successful soft drinks supplier in the UK. Customers are central, we can see this in the case study when we look at the considerable amount of products they supply too approximately 20,0000 outlets across the country including all leading supermarkets, local shops, restaurants, pubs, hotels and cinemas. They are the leading drinks supplier to the licensed premises and have more soft drinks brands in their portfolio than any other UK manufacturer. This makes them so accessible to the consumer, and offers a large variety of different products to suit numerous markets

Barcelona FC History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Barcelona FC History - Essay Example However, despite the many challenges in the initial years of FCB foundation, the club did not take long before it started to enjoy success on various strategies and also in field activities. During the time of Spanish war, the team was faced with a financial crisis in addition to having a unsupportive government system that frustrated many initiatives taken by the club. According to Barcelona.de, the period of the 1940s was a blessing to FCB for having attained membership of around 25,000 people and won 21 Catalan matches in addition to getting 9 trophies (n.d). It is the continued success of the club in field activities that continued to attract additional members to join the club hence relieving the FCB financial burden. In addition, the increased membership and growth of the number of fans necessitated the construction of a larger stadium that would host a larger number of spectators allied to the club. Therefore, the FCB initiated the construction of stadium Camp Nou that took ab out three years for completion.Additionally, the FCB motto has contributed significantly to the success of the club since it was founded. The club motto, "Mà ©s que un club", meaning more than a club, was proclaimed by Narcà ­s de Carreras, a onetime FCB president, in 1968 (Barcelona.de, n.d). During the reign of the authoritarian leader, Francisco Franco, the FCB had been given a lot of restriction pertaining the club operations also membership because of the perceived association to a radicalization of the Catalans.